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The offset mark can be a confusing place for the rules. Lots of things tend to be happening very fast – we’re bearing off, getting ready to hoist, and the rules situation is sometimes murky.
Does the offset mark count as a mark? Do the two marks count as some sort of long continuous mark? If I get room at the weather mark does that automatically mean I get room at the offset mark?
Let’s see:
In the racing rules of sailing, the definition of mark is:
An object the sailing instructions require a boat to leave on a specified side.
So is the offset mark mentioned in the SIs? Yes
Are we required to leave it on a specified side? Yes
So is it a mark? YES!
Since it’s a mark, Rule 18 applies just like at any other mark.
Is the offset mark its own mark, or does it just count as an “extension” to the regular weather mark?
Nothing in the rule book says anything about an offset mark being a special kind of continuous mark, so NO, it counts as a totally separate mark.
The key concept is that Mark Room is determined separately for each mark. Mark room is determined at the snapshot in time when the first boat reaches the zone for that mark. In this case, we look at whether there’s an overlap at each mark’s zone independently – both the zone around the weather mark, and the separate zone around the offset mark.
Here’s some scenarios to help clarify:
The annual Spring Regatta was held in sunny Westsound on April 13/14, site of the 2019 NA's and likely the upcoming 2027 NA's.
6 very competitive 242's attended the Regatta, which was sailed primarily in windy conditions on Saturday out of the north, followed by lighter winds Sunday out of the north and south, and at the end of the 7-race Series Jeremy & Tara Smith ended up on top with 4 bullets, closely followed by newcomer Eric Bonetti who got the other 3 bullets (with Michael Clements and Adrienne Mennell on board).
Mike Cannon and family likely would have finished 2nd overall or even first but had to head home early to beat the weather, and as such missed the last 2 pivotal races. In addition, two races were blown off due to light air when Mike & Eric were in 1st & 2nd each time, so who knows what the results would have looked like if those two races would have counted.
Here's a link to video footage from the event, courtesy of Carl Davis, plus last year's cloudy event in Eastsound (note the epic wipeout this year by Eric Bonetti downwind).
Results can be seen here.
The “racing concept of the month” articles are way of sharing the general racing knowledge that has been developed over the decades in the Martin 242 fleet. All are loosely based on the excellent content in this article by Michael Clements.
Don't Panic!
Many of us will remember the day we decided to get into Martin 242 sailing. Some with great fondness, others with pangs of remorse and regret. We eventually bought a nice new (to us) sailboat. We put in the hours scrubbing and splicing. We brought on new crew, and lost others along the way. We learned, we laughed, we yelled, we cried. We slowly worked our way up the pecking order, sometimes taking some giant steps backwards. And sooner than expected…one night we found ourself rounding the weather mark leading a hungry pack of 17 other boats.
You’re Finally Leading a Race! Now what!?!
Ok - first things first, in the enduring words of Douglas Adams:
image credit: nclm, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
You got here for a reason, and while the experience may be fleeting there are ways to extend it, knowing that you’re being closely followed by other boats that will eat your lunch if you give them an opening.
Here’s a few tips:
1. Keep Going Fast
Don’t make any radical changes. The surest way to stay ahead of your competition is to continue going fast toward the next mark. If you play the windshifts correctly and keep working on your boatspeed, there's no way that anyone will catch you from behind.
There’s also a tendency for skippers to get wound up when they get into first place for the first time. There is a corresponding tendency for skippers to start giving their crew a hard time when things look like they may be going off the rails. Instead, it’s important for skippers to relax and let their crew do their jobs, otherwise everyone gets flustered.
2. Cover!
One of the fundamental tactics when ahead of your competition is to cover. Simply stated: stay between your competition and the next mark. Don’t give them an easy passing lane.
There are two flavours of covering to consider: loose cover and tight cover. With a tight cover you are directly affecting the wind of the boat behind, slowing them down. This will often force them to tack away to maintain speed. Loose cover is a kinder, gentler form of covering – you’re staying roughly between the boat behind and the next mark, sailing in the same direction, but without directly affecting their breeze.
You typically want to use tight cover when trying to force a boat to go a different direction, or slow them down. This works best if it is either 1 on 1 with the boat behind (late in the series if you only have one boat to beat, or if 3rd place is far behind), or if the boat behind is at or near a layline. On the layline there are limited options for tacking away (another reason to avoid laylines – the curse of the English Bay westerly strikes again!)
Outside of these specific scenarios a loose cover often works best. Loose cover is the best way to minimize the risk of giving your opponent a passing lane by simply staying close to them and sailing in the same conditions. Avoid tacking on someone’s breeze just because you can – make sure there’s a good tactical reason for it first! This also helps avoid reputational damage.
The general idea is to use tight and loose cover together to “herd” the pack of boats behind you in the same general part of the race course. Try to avoid a big split in the fleet behind you to minimize risk that someone picks up a lucky puff or shift.
More info on covering:
Covering Upwind (speedandsmarts.com)
Image Credit: How to Cover Upwind by David Dellenbaugh (sailingbreezes.com)
Caveat – sometimes let ‘em go? If one side of the course is obviously favoured, or the boat behind is heading into an obvious area of no wind sometimes it’s better just to switch focus and concentrate on sailing your own race. Always a bit of a risky call, but there’s never any absolutes in sailboat racing.
3. Downwind – Keep Your Air Clear
Downwind your focus should be more on keeping your speed up and your air clear instead of covering. A certain degree of loose cover is required, don’t let all of your competitors sail off to the other side of the course, but the priority is to keep out of the wind shadows of boats close behind. If your masthead fly is pointing toward another boat, for example, there's a good chance you're in bad air. Listen to your kite trimmer; they have the best feel for when wind gets soft.
4. Keep Fighting
If one or more boats manages to slip past you, don’t give up and accept your new position! You’re still in the front pack and you have just as good a chance to win the race as whoever happens to be in the lead now. Try and pass them back at the next mark rounding, or match-race them downwind and try to steal their air. Upwind tacking duels are unlikely to work as this will slow you both down greatly increasing the risk that other boats will catch up and pass. Only attempt this if there’s a really large gap to the rest of the boats behind, of if there’s a scoring reason you need to beat only the boat behind.
Now let's go win some races.
-written by Reto
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